Investigation of Population Characteristics and Species Diversity of Community of Ceratopteris pteridoides

研究了湖北省蕲春县的濒危水生植物粗梗水蕨种群和群落的基本特征。结果表明种群面积为40～50 m2,植株数为1 000～1 500株,频度和盖度分别为100%、40%,为小种群,与粗梗水蕨相伴生的物种主要有6科7属7种,反映了小种群及人类活动可能是加剧该种群濒危的主要原因,为采取有效措施对其加以更好地保护提供了理论基础。     

茶树花的化学成分及开发利用研究进展

很多研究表明,茶树花含有和茶叶相似的丰富的内含物质,是一种附加价值很高的茶资源。现就近年来对茶树花在化学成分及开发利用等方面的研究进展进行了较为全面的综述,并对其研究和开发前景进行了展望,以期为今后茶树花资源的研究和开发提供理论参考。     

Study on Physical Characteristics of Planosol I. Some Physical Characteristics about Soil Compaction and Permeability

为明确白浆土低产原因,对白浆土不同土层的机械组成、土壤硬度、透水性和水浸容重进行了比较研究。结果表明：白浆土机械组成呈上轻下粘的“二层性”特点。耕层和白浆层以粉粒为主,特别是粗粉粒和中粉粒含量比淀积层高17．5％～42．5％,粘粒含量不足淀积层的1／2;白浆土耕层通透性良好,白浆层和淀积层固相率高、气相率低;白浆层和淀积层土壤透水性不良;白浆层土壤硬度大,容重高,埋藏深度浅,是作物根系生长的障碍层次。     

欧李果实采后不同形态钙的质量分数及组成变化

 以野生欧李Prunus humilis为试材,采用不同浸提剂（水,1 mol·L^－1氯化钠,20 g·kg^－1乙酸,50 g·kg^－1盐酸）逐级提取方法,研究了欧李实生类型（大果型和小果型）和嫁接类型（高位嫁接和低位嫁接）果实采后常温储藏过程中不同形态钙的质量分数及组成比率的变化,为欧李钙素研究和质量评价提供基础资料。结果表明：采收期果实中不同形态钙的提取率为98.24% ~ 99.32%,且以水溶钙和果胶钙形态组成为主,约占总钙量的70%左右;大果型果实中果胶钙质量分数显著高于小果型果实（P＜0.01）,小果型果实中水溶钙、磷酸钙和草酸钙质量分数显著高于大果型果实（P＜0.01）,小果型果实中钙总量显著高于大果型果实（P＜0.05）;与实生类型比较,嫁接类型果实中水溶钙提取率增加,果胶钙提取率下降;采后果实储藏后水溶钙形态组成比率增加,果胶钙和草酸钙形态组成比例下降,磷酸钙和剩余钙形态组成比例无明显改变。图4表1参17     

Evaluation of fresh pasta-making properties of extra-strong common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

The relationship between characterictics of flour of common wheat varieties and fresh pasta-making qualitites was examined, and the fresh pasta-making properties of extra-strong varieties that have extra-strong dough were evaluated. There was a positive correlation between mixing time (PT) and hardness of boiled pasta, indicating that the hardness of boiled pasta was affected by dough properties. Boiled pasta made from extra-strong varieties, Yumechikara, Hokkai 262 and Hokkai 259, was harder than that from other varieties and commercial flour. There was a negative correlation between flour protein content and brightness of boiled pasta. The colors of boiled pasta made from Yumechikara and Hokkai 262 grown under the condition of standard manuring culture were superior to those of boiled pasta made from other varieties. Discoloration of boiled pasta made from Yumechikara grown under the condition of heavy manuring culture was caused by increase of flour protein content. On the other hand, discoloration of boiled pasta made from Hokkai 262 grown under the condition of heavy manuring culture was less than that of boiled pasta made from Yumechikara. These results indicate that pasta made from extra-strong wheat varieties has good hardness and that Hokkai 262 has extraordinary fresh pasta-making properties.     

国内苹果膳食纤维的研究进展

随着人们生活水平的不断提高,饮食日趋精细,缺乏膳食纤维的情况也日趋严重,膳食纤维资源的开发和应用成为研究热点。从化学构成、提取工艺、改性应用等方面综述了苹果膳食纤维,论述了提取中各工艺的特点,并介绍了不同提取方法的最佳工艺。     

鸡蛋壳资源的再开发及研究进展

鸡蛋壳具有重要的经济和社会价值。有效利用鸡蛋壳,不仅可以增加社会财富,而且可以保护环境。但我国现在每年仍有大量的鸡蛋壳没有得到充分利用。综述了鸡蛋壳的物理吸附作用、化学组分等方面的应用研究进展。     

西藏林芝地区核桃表型特征研究

通过对西藏林芝地区核桃表型特征进行研究,以期为西藏核桃的选育提供参考。依照核桃的性状调查方法,研究了林芝地区4个居群8个核桃家系:朗县(LX1-4)、米林县(ML7-8)、林芝县(LZ5-6)和2个铁核桃家系:波密县(BM9-10)的叶型、不同居群核桃表型特征以及坚果特征。结果表明:顶叶长与宽之比LX2最大,ML7最小;复叶长与宽比例LZ5最大,BM10最小;复叶最长的为ML7,最短者为BM10。坚果质量:BM>LX>ML>LZ;仁坚比:LX>ML>LZ>BM;壳厚:BM>LZ>ML>LX。坚果纵横径比值最大的为BM9,最小的为LX1。林芝地区朗县核桃可作为优良家系进行繁殖,波密的铁核桃保持着较高的遗传多样性,是选种和育种的优先资源。     

雪山草鸡氨基酸组成与营养价值研究

[目的]评价雪山草鸡的营养价值。[方法]以雪山草鸡为材料,对各种氨基酸的含量及组成进行分析,并评价其营养价值。[结果]雪山草鸡肌肉中氨基酸含量占蛋白质含量的95.34%,且种类齐全,8种人体必需氨基酸的含量达1.096 g/kg。鲜味氨基酸、甜味氨基酸和芳香族类氨基酸占总氨基酸的质量分数分别为24.97%、17.86%和7.07%,各种人体必需氨基酸种类齐全且比例均衡,比值系数分(SRC)为76.91。在各种人体必需氨基酸中,第一限制氨基酸为甲硫氨酸+半胱氨酸。[结论]该研究可为雪山草鸡进一步开发利用提供科学依据。